In April and May 2025, tensions between India and Pakistan escalated following a terrorist attack in Indian-administered Kashmir, leading to military confrontations and a subsequent ceasefire.

Background:

On April 22, 2025, a terrorist attack in Pahalgam, Jammu and Kashmir, resulted in the deaths of 26 civilians, including 25 Indian tourists and one Nepalese national. The Resistance Front (TRF), an offshoot of the Pakistan-based militant group Lashkar-e-Taiba, claimed responsibility. India accused Pakistan of supporting the attackers, a claim Pakistan denied. El País+7Time+7Wikipedia+7

Military Escalation:

In retaliation, India launched "Operation Sindoor" on May 6, targeting what it identified as terrorist infrastructure in Pakistan and Pakistan-administered Kashmir. The operation involved missile strikes on nine sites, including Bahawalpur, Muridke, and Sialkot. Pakistan reported civilian casualties and infrastructure damage, while India asserted it targeted militant facilities. The Sun+2Wikipedia+2Wikipedia+2AP News

Pakistan responded with "Operation Bunyan al-Marsus" on May 10, conducting missile and drone strikes on 25 military targets across India, including in New Delhi. Both nations reported civilian and military casualties, with over 60 deaths and thousands displaced in the Kashmir region. Cadena SER+3Wikipedia+3The Sun+3The Times

Ceasefire Agreement:

Amid international concern, the United States brokered a ceasefire on May 10, with support from the United Kingdom, China, and other nations. Despite initial reports of continued skirmishes and accusations of violations, the ceasefire appeared to hold as of May 11. Al Jazeera+1The Guardian+1

International Response:

Global leaders, including those from the G7, the European Union, and China, urged both countries to exercise restraint and engage in dialogue. The United Nations emphasized the need for a peaceful resolution to prevent further escalation.

Current Status:

As of May 11, 2025, the ceasefire is holding, but the situation remains fragile. Both nations have mobilized military forces near the border, and diplomatic efforts are ongoing to ensure lasting peace in the region. The Guardian